Learning Expectations

Reading & Reading Foundations

• Name upper and lower case letters and match those letters with their sounds
• Blend and segment sounds in words heard aloud
• Read common high frequency words by sight
• Read beginning level text with purpose and understanding
• Use phonics skills to read one syllable words
• Ask and answer questions about details in stories and informational text 
• Identify characters, settings, and major events in a story
• Identify the main topic and key details in informational text
• Retell familiar stories using key details

Writing & Writing Foundations

• Write all upper and lower case letters with correct formation
• Use phonics skills to spell and write words
• Write (or use pictures) to tell about events with detail
• Write (or use pictures) to share information and opinions
• Spell known sight words correctly
• Use beginning capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing

Speaking & Listening 

• Ask and answer questions to seek help, get information, or clarify
• Speak using complete sentences
• Participate in collaborative discussion 
• Express thoughts, feelings, and ideas clearly with volume appropriate for the setting

Vocabulary

• Identify real life connections between words and their use

Counting & Cardinality (CC)

• Know number names and the counting sequence to 100
• Write and represent numbers to 20 
• Count to tell the number of objects 
• Compare numbers

Operations & Algebraic Thinking (OA)

• Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from
• Solve addition and subtraction word problems
• Find combinations of 10
• Fluently add and subtract within 5

Number & Operations in Base Ten (NBT)

• Work with 11-19 to gain foundations for place value

Measure & Data (MD)

• Describe and compare measurable attributes such as length and weight 
• Classify objects and count the number of objects in categories Geometry (G)
• Identify and describe shapes 
• Compare, create, and compose shapes
   

Kindergarten learning expectations

Reading & Reading Foundations

• Use phonics and word analysis skills to read unfamiliar words
• Read common high frequency words by sight
• Ask and answer questions to get information from text
• Retell stories, using key details, and demonstrate an understanding of their central messages or lessons
• Read grade level text with purpose and understanding
• Blend, segment, and manipulate sounds in words heard aloud
• Use illustrations and details in text to describe key ideas
• Identify the main topic and key details in informational text

Writing & Writing Foundations

• Use phonics skills to spell and write words including grade level two-syllable words
• Spell known sight words correctly
• Write to tell about sequenced events with details, transitional words, and closure
• Write to share information and opinions using detail and reason
• Use beginning capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing

Speaking & Listening

• Describe people, places, things and events using details
• Participate in collaborative discussion, responding to the comments of others through multiple exchanges

Vocabulary 

• Use reading content and context to determine the meaning of unknown words

Operations & Algebraic Thinking (OA)

• Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction
• Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction
• Add and subtract within 20
• Work with addition and subtraction equations

Number & Operations in Base Ten (NBT)

• Count to 120 starting at any number
• Understand place value; compare two-digit numbers
• Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract within 100
• Add and subtract 10 more or 10 less to a number

Measurement & Data (MD)

• Measure lengths
• Tell and write time to the hour and half hour
• Organize, represent and interpret data

Geometry (G)

• Reason with shapes and their attributes
• Partition circles and rectangles into two and four equal shares

Mathematical Practices (MP)

• Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them
• Construct viable arguments
• Use appropriate tools strategically
   

grade 1 learning expectations

Reading & Reading Foundations

• Read grade level text with accuracy and fluency to support understanding
• Read common high frequency words by sight
• Use phonics and word analysis skills to read unfamiliar words
• Identify the main topic and key details in informational text and compare the most important points of two texts on the same topic
• Use text features (e.g., captions, bold print, subheadings) to locate key facts or information in a text
• Identify the main purpose of the text, including what the author wants to answer, explain or describe
• Ask and answer who, what, where, when, why, and how questions to demonstrate understanding of a text
• Describe the overall structure of a story (and apply to writing)
• Use reading content and context to determine the meaning of unknown words

Writing

• Write stories that sequence events and have clear beginnings and ends
• Write to share information on a specific topic including facts and a conclusion
• Write to share an opinion including supporting reasons, and a conclusion
• Use phonics skills to spell and write words including grade level two and three syllable words
• Spell known sight words correctly

Speaking & Listening

• Participate in collaborative discussion, building on the comments of others through multiple exchanges

Vocabulary

• Use reading content and context to determine the meaning of unknown words
• Demonstrate the knowledge of language when writing, speaking, and reading

Operations & Algebraic Thinking (OA)

• Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction
• Fluently add and subtract within 20

Number & Operations in Base Ten (NBT)

• Count to 1000 starting at any number z Read and write numbers to 1000, understand place value
• Compare three-digit numbers
• Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract within 1000

Measurement & Data (MD)

• Measure lengths of objects using rulers
• Compare measures, tell and write time to the nearest 5 minutes
• Solve problems involving money
• Organize, represent and interpret data

Geometry (G)

• Recognize and draw shapes based on given attributes
• Partition rectangles into rows and columns and partition circles and rectangles into two, three or four equal parts

Mathematical Practices (MP)

• Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them
• Construct viable arguments
• Use appropriate tools strategically
   

grade 2 learning expectations

Reading

• Ask and answer questions to demonstrate understanding of a text, referring explicitly to the text as the basis for the answers.
• Describe characters in a story (e.g., their traits, motivations, or feelings) and explain how their actions contribute to the sequence of events.
• Proficiently and independently read and comprehend multiple types of grade‑level text.
• Determine the main idea of a text and use key details to support the main idea.
• Use information gained from illustrations/ photographs, maps, diagrams and the words in a text to demonstrate understanding.
• Compare and contrast the most important points and key details presented in two texts on the same topic.
• Know and apply phonics and word analysis skills in reading.

Writing

• Write opinion pieces on topics or texts, using reasons to support one’s point of view.
• Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly.
• Use the writing process to write opinion, informative and narrative compositions.
• Use technology to produce and publish writing (using keyboarding skills) as well as to interact and collaborate with others.

Speaking & Listening

• Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions; building on others’ ideas and expressing their own clearly.
• Demonstrate command of the conventions of Standard English (i.e., grammar & usage, capitalization, punctuation, and spelling.)

Vocabulary

• Determine the meaning of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases in a text relevant to a grade 3 topics or subject area.
• Acquire and use grade-appropriate vocabulary in reading, listening, speaking and writing.

Operations & Algebraic Thinking (OA)

• Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division
• Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division
• Multiply and divide with 100
• Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic

Number & Operations in Base Ten (NBT)

• Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic

Number & Operations in Fractions (NF)

• Develop understanding of fractions of numbers

Measurement & Data (MD)

• Solve problems involving measurement and estimation of intervals of time, liquid volumes, and masses of objects
• Represent and interpret data
• Geometric measurement: understand concepts or area and relate area to multiplication and to addition
• Geometric measurement: recognize perimeter as an attribute of plane figures and distinguish between linear and area measures

Geometry (G)

• Reason with shapes and their attributes

Mathematical Practices (MP)

• Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them
• Reason abstractly and quantitatively
• Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others
• Model with mathematics
• Use appropriate tools strategically
• Attend to precision
• Look for and make use of structure
• Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning
   

grade 3 learning expectations

Reading

• Reference details and examples from a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text.
• Determine the main idea of an informative text or message of a literary text and connect the key details; summarize and recount the text.
• Describe characters, setting, and events in literature and the ideas, concepts, and procedures from informative text.
• Determine the point of view of the author, narrator and characters.
• Use information gained from illustrations/ photographs, maps, diagrams and the words in a text to demonstrate understanding.
• Explain the major differences in the structure of a story, drama and prose.
• Describe the overall structure (e.g., comparison, cause/effect, chronological, etc.) of events, ideas, and concepts within informative text.
• Compare and contrast the most important points and key details presented in two texts on the same topic.
• Know and apply phonics and word analysis skills in decoding multi-syllabic words both in and out of context.
• Proficiently and independently read and comprehend multiple types of grade-level text.

Writing

• Write opinion pieces on topics or texts, using reasons to support one’s point of view.
• Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly.
• Use the writing process to write opinion, informative and narrative compositions.
• Use technology to produce and publish writing (using keyboarding skills) as well as to interact and collaborate with others.

Speaking & Listening

• Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions; building on others’ ideas and expressing their own clearly.
• Demonstrate command of the conventions of Standard English (i.e., grammar & usage, capitalization, punctuation, and spelling).

Vocabulary

• Determine the meaning of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases in a text relevant to a grade 4 topics or subject area.
• Acquire and use grade-appropriate vocabulary in reading, listening, speaking and writing.

Operations & Algebraic Thinking (OA)

• Use the four operations with whole numbers to solve problems
• Gain familiarity with factors and multiples
• Generate and analyze patterns

Number & Operations in Base Ten (NBT)

• Generalize place value understanding for multi-digit whole numbers
• Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic

Number & Operations in Fractions (NF)

• Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and ordering 
• Build fractions from unit fractions by applying and extending previous understandings of operation on whole numbers
• Understand decimal notation for fractions, and compare decimal fractions

Measurement & Data (MD)

• Solve problems involving measurement and conversion of measurements from a larger unit to a smaller unit
• Represent and interpret data
• Geometric measurement: understand concepts of angle and measure angles

Geometry (G)

• Draw and identify lines and angles, and classify shapes by properties of their lines and angles

Mathematical Practices (MP)

• Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them
• Reason abstractly and quantitatively
• Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others

Model with mathematics

• Use appropriate tools strategically
• Attend to precision
• Look for and make us of structure
• Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning
   

GRADE 4 LEARNING EXPECTATIONS

Reading

• Quote accurately from literary and informational text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when making inferences.
• Determine the theme of a story, drama, or poem from details of the text; include how the characters in a story respond to challenges and summarize the text.
• Describe how a narrator’s or speaker’s point of view influences how events are described.
• Explain the relationships or interactions between two or more individuals, events, ideas, or concepts in multiple types of informational text. 
• Compare and contrast the overall structure (e.g., chronology, comparison, cause/effect, and problem/solution) of events, ideas, concepts, or information in two or more texts.
• Proficiently and independently read and comprehend multiple types of grade-level text.
• Know and apply phonics and word analysis skills in decoding multisyllabic words in context and out of context.

Writing

• Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using a variety of narrative techniques.
• Use the writing process to write opinion, informative and narrative compositions.
• Use technology to produce and publish writing (using keyboarding skills) as well as to interact and collaborate with others.

Speaking & Listening

• Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions; building on others’ ideas and expressing their own clearly.
• Summarize a written text read aloud or information presented in diverse media and formats; summarize the points a speaker makes and explain the reasons and evidence.
• Demonstrate command of the conventions of Standard English (i.e., grammar & usage, capitalization, punctuation, and spelling.)

Vocabulary

• Determine the meaning of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases in a text relevant to a grade 5 topic or subject area.
• Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings in literature.

Operations & Algebraic Thinking (OA)

• Write and interpret numerical expressions
• Analyze patterns and relationships

Number & Operations in Base Ten (NBT)

• Understand the place value system
• Perform operations with multi-digit whole numbers and with decimals in hundredths

Number & Operations in Fractions (NF)

• Use equivalent fractions as a strategy to add and subtract fractions
• Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to multiply and divide fractions

Measurement & Data (MD)

• Convert like measurement units within a given measurement system 
• Represent and interpret data
• Geometric measurement: understand concepts of volume and relate volume to multiplication and to addition

Geometry (G) 

• Graph pins on the coordinate plane to solve real-world and mathematical problems
• Classify two-dimensional figures into categories based on their properties

Mathematical Practices (MP)

• Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them
• Reason abstractly and quantitatively
• Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others 
• Model with mathematics
• Use appropriate tools strategically
• Attend to precision
• Look for and make use of structure 
• Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning
   

GRADE 5 LEARNING EXPECTATIONS

Reading

• Cite textual evidence to support analysis of what a text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.
• Determine a theme or central idea of a text and how it is conveyed through particular details.
• Provide a summary of the text based on what was read without using personal opinions or judgements.
• Describe how a particular story’s plot unfolds as well as how characters respond and change as the plot moves toward a resolution.
• Analyze in detail how a key individual, event, or idea is introduced and developed in a text.
• Compare and contrast similar themes and topics in different types of text (stories, poems, historical novels, fantasy, etc.).
• Determine the author’s point of view or purpose and explain how it is conveyed in the text.

Writing

• Write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence using credible sources.
• Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic, convey ideas and concepts, and analyze relevant content.

Speaking & Listening

• Engage effectively in collaborative discussions about texts, and issues. 
• Use presentations skills to effectively convey logical ideas, pertinent descriptions, facts, and details that support main ideas or themes.

Vocabulary

• Use a variety of strategies to determine or clarify the meaning of words and phrases (e.g., Greek or Latin affixes or roots, context clues, and reference materials).
• Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases.

Language

• Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening.

Ratios & Proportional Relationships (RP)

• Understand ratio concepts and use ratio reasoning to solve problems

The Number System (NS)

• Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to divide fractions by fractions
• Compute fluently with multi-digit numbers and find common factors and multiples
• Apply and extend previous understandings of numbers to the system of rational numbers

Expressions & Equations (EE)

• Apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions
• Reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities 
• Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables

Geometry (G)

• Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, surface area, and volume

Statistics & Probability (SP)

• Develop understanding of statistical variability
• Summarize and describe distributions

Mathematical Practices (MP)

• Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them
• Reason abstractly and quantitatively
• Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others
• Model with mathematics
• Use appropriate tools strategically
• Attend to precision
• Look for and make use of structure
• Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning
   

GRADE 6 LEARNING EXPECTATIONS 

Reading

• Cite several pieces of textual evidence to support what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.
• Determine two or more themes or central ideas in a text and analyze their development over the course of the text.
• Analyze how an author develops and contrasts the points of view of different characters or narrators in a text.
• Analyze how an author distinguishes his or her point of view from that of others.
• Trace and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, assessing whether the reasoning is sound and the evidence is relevant and sufficient to support the claims.

Writing

• Write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence using credible sources.
• Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic, convey ideas and concepts, and analyze relevant content.
• Conduct short research projects to answer a question, drawing on several sources.

Speaking & Listening

• Engage effectively in collaborative discussions about texts and issues. 
• Pose questions that elicit elaboration and respond to others’ questions and comments with relevant observations and ideas.
• Use presentations skills to effectively convey logical ideas, pertinent descriptions, facts, and details that support main ideas or themes (i.e., avoid plagiarism, quote and paraphrase from sources, follow standard format for citation).

Vocabulary

• Use a variety of strategies to determine or clarify the meaning of words and phrases (e.g., Greek or Latin affixes or roots, context clues, and reference materials).
• Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases.

Language

• Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening.

Ratios & Proportional Relationships (RP)

• Identify and analyze proportional relationships and use them to solve real-world and mathematical problems
• Graph proportional relationships and relate unit rate to slope of a line
• Solve percent problems including those involving tax, tips, discounts, and percent increase/decrease z Solve problems about scale drawings

The Number System (NS)

• Apply and extend previous understandings of operations with fractions
• Apply properties of numbers to add, subtract, multiply and divide all rational numbers, including integers

Expressions & Equations (EE)

• Formulate expressions and equations with one variable
• Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions
• Solve real-live and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations

Geometry (G)

• Draw, construct, and describe two and three dimensional geometrical figures and explain the relationships between them
• Solve real-life and mathematical problems involving angle measure, area, surface area and volume

Statistics & Probability (SP)

• Use random sampling to draw inferences about a population
• Draw informal comparative inferences about two populations
• Investigate change processes and develop, use and evaluate probability models
   

GRADE 7 LEARNING EXPECTATIONS

Reading

• Cite several pieces of textual evidence to support what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.
• Determine two or more themes or central ideas in a text and analyze their development over the course of the text.
• Compare and contrast the structure of two or more texts and analyze how the differing structure of each text contributes to its meaning and style.
• Analyze a case in which two or more texts provide conflicting information on the same topic and identify where the texts disagree on matters of fact or interpretation.

Writing

• Write arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence, supporting claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant evidence from credible sources.
• Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic, convey ideas and concepts, and analyze relevant content.

Speaking & Listening

• Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions, following rules for collegial discussions and decision making.
• Present claims and findings, emphasizing salient points in a focused, coherent manner with relevant evidence, and valid reasoning.

Vocabulary

• Use a variety of strategies to determine or clarify the meaning of words and phrases (e.g., Greek or Latin affixes or roots, context clues, and reference materials).
• Acquire and use accurately grade appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases.

Language

• Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening.

Functions (F)

• Define, evaluate, and compare functions
• Model with and translate among representations of functions and describe how aspects of the function are reflected in these representations

The Number System (NS)

• Identify irrational numbers
• Approximate the value of irrational numbers by rational numbers

Expressions & Equations (EE)

• Work with radicals and integer exponents
• Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations
• Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations

Geometry (G)

• Understand congruence and similarity using physical models, transparencies, or geometry software
• Understand and apply the Pythagorean Theorem
• Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving volume and cylinders, cones and spheres

Statistics & Probability (SP)

• Investigate patterns of association in bivariate data
   

GRADE 8 LEARNING EXPECTATIONS